South Africa · Passive income
Financially Independent Permit (Permanent Residence, section 27(f))
Open
Last verified July 2026
Open. The net worth threshold of ZAR 12m and the ZAR 120,000 outcome fee are both set by Gazette notice. Both have stayed unchanged for many years, so they have eroded heavily in real terms. Revision is periodically rumoured.
This is one of the very few permits anywhere that grants immediate, unconditional permanent residence based on a net worth test alone. There is no investment into the country, no job creation and no business plan required. The physical presence requirement is just one entry every three years. For a UHNW family, this is a genuinely cheap optionality play on a well-run private-client jurisdiction.
Qualifying routes
12M ZAR
Net worth
Roughly USD 650-700k depending on the rand. This must be verifiable net asset value, not income.
The facts
- Minimum
- 12M ZAR
- Total landed cost
- A ZAR 120,000 non-refundable outcome fee is payable on positive adjudication. Add roughly ZAR 60-150k in professional fees, sworn valuations and document legalisation for a family. No capital needs to be transferred to South Africa.
- Route type
- Income requirement
- Timeline
- 1–2 years (DHA adjudication under 27(f) routinely runs 12-24 months, and has run longer. The backlog is the defining feature of this permit.)
- Physical presence
- Minimal. You need only enter South Africa once every three years to preserve the permit.
- Family
- Spouse or life partner, including same-sex couples, via a separate spousal permitDependent children
- Permanent residency
- This is permanent residence from the start. It is granted directly, with no temporary phase first.
- Citizenship
- Naturalisation follows after 5 years of permanent residence, with at least 4 years' physical presence in the 8 years preceding, plus 12 months' continuous residence immediately before you apply.
- Language test
- You must be able to communicate in one of the 12 official languages. English qualifies.
- Dual citizenship
- Permitted
- Requirements
- Net worth of at least ZAR 12m, evidenced by third-party verified valuations.Police clearance from every country of residence over 12 months since age 18.Medical and radiological reports.Unabridged birth and marriage certificates.ZAR 120,000 fee, payable on positive adjudication.
What can go wrong
- The Department of Home Affairs is the risk, not the criteria. 12-24 months is the optimistic case. Files get lost. Litigation to compel a decision is a routine part of the practice area.
- SARS follows Home Affairs. Permanent residence does not by itself make you tax-resident, but it is powerful evidence of intention to reside. South Africa taxes residents on worldwide income at up to 45%, with CFC attribution under section 9D reaching foreign companies and, since 2018-19, foreign trusts and foundations.
- Getting out later costs money. Ceasing residency triggers a section 9H deemed disposal of worldwide assets at up to 18% effective CGT. Enter with a clean, documented base cost, or you will pay for the appreciation twice.
- The ZAR 12m must be evidenced by independently verifiable third-party valuations. Self-compiled statements and unaudited estimates are rejected. This is a common cause of refusal.
- The ZAR 120,000 fee is payable on a positive outcome before issue and is non-refundable. You cannot bank a favourable decision and walk away.
- Rand weakness cuts both ways. The threshold has become far easier to meet in hard currency. But it also signals how the state values the permit, and a revision upward is a real risk.