Nigeria · Tax regime

Nigeria Tax Act 2025

Reformed Last verified July 2026

In force. Four acts were signed on 26 June 2025 and take effect on 1 January 2026. The Federal Inland Revenue Service has become the Nigeria Revenue Service. Transition guidelines confirm there is no retrospective application. Alongside Mauritius's changes, this is the most consequential tax reform in the region.

For families with Nigerian assets or family ties, this is the most important development in West Africa. The abolition of the capital and income distinction, combined with the new tax on indirect offshore transfers, closes off the standard exit structure. The widened residency test can also pull in people who are nowhere near 183 days.

Qualifying routes

Personal income tax

Top rate of 25% above NGN 50m. The Consolidated Relief Allowance has been abolished. The minimum tax has also been abolished.

Capital gains

The flat 10% CGT has been repealed. Gains are now added to income and taxed at progressive rates up to 25%. Indirect offshore transfers are now taxable too.

VAT

Retained at 7.5%, but with expanded zero-rating and full input recovery. It is genuinely competitive.

The facts

Total landed cost
Not applicable. This is a tax regime, not a programme.
Route type
Tax regime, not a visa
Physical presence
The residency test now catches substantial economic ties or immediate family ties, regardless of how many days you spend in the country.
Family
Not applicable
Permanent residency
Not applicable
Citizenship
Not applicable
Language test
Not applicable
Dual citizenship
Not permitted. You would have to renounce.
What can go wrong
  • Indirect offshore transfers are now taxable. The classic structure, holding Nigerian assets through an offshore holding company and then selling the holding company, no longer works.
  • The shares de minimis is a retail carve-out and means little at UHNW scale. It requires both proceeds below NGN 150m (roughly USD 100k) and gains at or below NGN 10m (roughly USD 6.6k).
  • The top personal rate of 25% kicks in above NGN 50m, roughly USD 33,000. Every UHNW client hits the top rate immediately.
  • The widened residency test, based on substantial economic ties or immediate family ties, is a genuine trap for non-resident Nigerians who still have family and property at home.
  • Nigeria actively sends CRS data to 81 partners.
  • CFC rules exist but appear to be corporate-only under section 6(2). Whether they extend to individuals could not be established.
Sources (2)

Frequently asked

How much time must I spend in Nigeria?

The residency test now catches substantial economic ties or immediate family ties, regardless of how many days you spend in the country.

Before you commit capital to this

Tell us your citizenship, your tax exposure and where your family wants to be in ten years. If this route is wrong for you, we will say so.

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